Thermal buckling and postbuckling of functionally graded multilayer GPL-reinforced composite beams on nonlinear elastic foundations

Under the influence of axial forces and uniform temperature variations, thermal buckling postbuckling composite beams reinforced functionally graded multilayer graphene platelets (GPLs) resting on nonlinear elastic foundations are examined. The Halpin-Tsai model is used to calculate modulus each layer GPL-reinforced (GPLRC). According virtual work principle, governing equations for beam obtained from first-order shear deformation theory. impact force foundation discussed using differential quadrature method (DQM), analytical expression given by two-step perturbation (TSPM). effects force, boundary conditions, slenderness ratio, GPL geometry, weight fraction, distribution pattern, coefficient examined through parameter analysis.